不同情境下的虚拟水战略对塔里木河流域水资源和生态环境的影响Influence of the Different Virtual Water Strategies on Water Resource and Eco-environment of Tarim River
李吉玫,徐海量,张占江,宋郁东
摘要(Abstract)：
本文简要的介绍了虚拟水含量的计算方法,根据2003年塔里木河流域的资料,计算了主要农产品单位质量的农产品虚拟水含量、城乡居民消费的虚拟水含量、生产产品的虚拟水含量和在不同的情境下虚拟水战略对生态环境的影响。结果表明:与西北其它地区相比较,塔里木河流域生产单位质量的农产品虚拟水含量相对较低;从塔里木河流域虚拟水消费总量看,城镇居民与农村居民的消费相差不大,分别为37.14×108m3和32.95×108m3。而对于其中一些消费产品而言,如粮食、猪肉、家禽、鲜蛋、糕点和鱼虾等的消费在城镇居民与农村居民间仍然存在着一定的差异;全社会消费的虚拟水数量和实际生产产品中的虚拟水含量分别为70.09×108m3和219.63×108m3,可以看出在塔里木河流域实际生产产品的虚拟水含量远远大于各项消费的总虚拟水含量;在塔里木河流域实施虚拟水战略可以缓解社会经济和生态的压力,若通过虚拟水战略,将节约的水资源用于恢复天然植被,则可以局部的逆转塔里木河流域的生态环境。
关键词(KeyWords)： 虚拟水;虚拟水战略;虚拟水计算;塔里木河流域
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 李吉玫,徐海量,张占江,宋郁东
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